What are the main problems that arise during the operation of circulating water?

The main problems that arise during the operation of circulating water are:

  (1) Scale: As the circulating water evaporates continuously during the cooling process, the salt concentration in the water continues to increase, exceeding the solubility of certain salts and precipitating. Common scales include calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, magnesium silicate, etc.

The texture of scale is relatively dense, which greatly reduces the heat transfer efficiency. A scale thickness of 0.6 mm reduces the heat transfer coefficient by 20%.

  (2) Dirt: Dirt is mainly composed of organic matter, microbial colonies and secretions, mud, dust, etc. in the water. The texture of scale is soft, which not only reduces the heat transfer efficiency but also causes under-scale corrosion, shortening the service life of the equipment.

  (3) Corrosion: The corrosion of circulating water on heat exchange equipment is mainly electrochemical corrosion. The causes include equipment manufacturing defects, sufficient oxygen in the water, corrosive ions in the water (Cl-, Fe2+, Cu2+) and dirt generated by mucus secreted by microorganisms. The consequences of corrosion are very serious. If it is not controlled, the heat exchanger and water pipeline equipment will be scrapped in a very short time.

  (4) Microbial slime: Because circulating water contains sufficient oxygen, suitable temperature and eutrophic conditions, it is very suitable for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. If it is not controlled in time, it will quickly lead to water quality deterioration, stink, blackening, large amounts of slime deposition and even blockage of cooling towers, a significant decrease in cooling and heat dissipation effects, and increased equipment corrosion. Therefore, circulating Water Treatment must control the reproduction of microorganisms.